rebel_votes
For Marcin KIERWIŃSKI · Poland · EPP
2
2 of 119 eligible votes
Recomputed live from source votes
count of votes where the MEP voted against the group majority2
Votes against the EPP majority
119
Eligible votes (EPP had a majority, MEP present)
117
Votes matching the group majority
- ✓ Votes where the MEP cast a position that differed from the EPP majority
Votes matching the EPP majority
117
Absences (did not vote)
1
Votes where EPP cast no position
0
Term
10th European Parliament (2024–2029)
Period
2024-07-16 → 2026-07-09
Votes loaded through
2026-07-09
Vote type
roll-call votes
Positions included
For, Against, Abstain
Absences
excluded from the score
Primary source
European Parliament Open Data Portal
Source dataset
European Parliament Open Data Portal — roll-call votes
Original source
European Parliament official roll-call records
Methodology version
v1.0
Computation
Recomputed live from raw votes on page load
Statistics snapshot
2026-07-09T15:27:55.131021Z
How often a MEP votes with the majority position of their European political group.
Limitations · A high group loyalty does not mean the MEP agrees with everything — political groups negotiate joint positions before voting. A low loyalty can indicate ideological divergence, a national party deviating from EU group position, or principled opposition on specific files.