← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172666Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Some MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+4 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. Left and NI voted mostly in favour, while EPP, S&D, PfE, Renew, ECR, Greens-EFA and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was rejected by a comfortable margin (57 for, 582 against, 23 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

Against

582

Abstain

Margin of victory

525 votes

Turnout (cast)

662

Absent

Participation rate

91.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 0Against 163Abstain 0Absent 22

S&D135 MEPs

For 5Against 126Abstain 1Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 0Against 71Abstain 6Absent 4

Renew79 MEPs

For 0Against 73Abstain 1Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 1Against 70Abstain 0Absent 11

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 4Against 45Abstain 0Absent 4

The Left45 MEPs

For 33Against 6Abstain 4Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 12Against 4Abstain 10Absent 4

ESN26 MEPs

For 2Against 21Abstain 1Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

Malta3

Most against

Germany80
France67
Italy59
Spain50
Poland46

Divided delegations

Malta

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 0Against 11Abstain 5Absent 4

Belgium22 MEPs

For 2Against 18Abstain 0Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 1Against 15Abstain 0Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 0Against 9Abstain 0Absent 3

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 1Against 4Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 3Against 17Abstain 0Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 0Against 12Abstain 2Absent 1

Estonia7 MEPs

For 0Against 6Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 1Against 14Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 8Against 67Abstain 0Absent 7

Germany96 MEPs

For 11Against 80Abstain 0Absent 5

Greece21 MEPs

For 1Against 13Abstain 6Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 0Against 18Abstain 1Absent 2

Ireland14 MEPs

For 3Against 11Abstain 0Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 10Against 59Abstain 0Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 0Against 8Abstain 0Absent 1

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 0Against 10Abstain 0Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 0Against 4Abstain 1Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 0Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 0Against 30Abstain 0Absent 1

Poland53 MEPs

For 0Against 46Abstain 1Absent 6

Portugal21 MEPs

For 2Against 18Abstain 0Absent 1

Romania33 MEPs

For 1Against 27Abstain 1Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 2Against 7Abstain 4Absent 2

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 1Against 6Abstain 0Absent 2

Spain60 MEPs

For 7Against 50Abstain 1Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 0Against 20Abstain 0Absent 1

Individual MEP positions

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