← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172693Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Significant national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+3 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+7 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+15 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. S&D, Greens-EFA, Left and NI voted mostly in favour, while EPP, PfE, Renew and ESN voted mostly against. ECR mostly abstained. The motion was rejected by a comfortable margin (239 for, 353 against, 80 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

239

Against

353

Abstain

Margin of victory

114 votes

Turnout (cast)

672

Absent

Participation rate

93.3%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 0Against 172Abstain 0Absent 13

S&D135 MEPs

For 126Against 0Abstain 4Absent 5

PfE81 MEPs

For 5Against 65Abstain 7Absent 4

ECR82 MEPs

For 0Against 16Abstain 57Absent 9

Renew79 MEPs

For 7Against 65Abstain 0Absent 7

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 49Against 0Abstain 0Absent 4

The Left45 MEPs

For 39Against 2Abstain 1Absent 3

NI30 MEPs

For 11Against 10Abstain 8Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 1Against 21Abstain 2Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

Italy39
Spain27
Luxembourg2

Most against

Germany49
France48
Poland28
Netherlands19
Hungary18

Divided delegations

Austria
Belgium
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 7Against 11Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 7Against 11Abstain 2Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 3Against 11Abstain 2Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 4Against 7Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 2Against 3Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 2Against 9Abstain 9Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 1Against 4Abstain 1Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 27Against 48Abstain 1Absent 6

Germany96 MEPs

For 38Against 49Abstain 1Absent 8

Greece21 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 4Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 2Against 18Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 2Against 11Abstain 0Absent 1

Italy76 MEPs

For 39Against 9Abstain 22Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 2Against 4Abstain 3Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 3Against 5Abstain 2Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 2Against 2Abstain 1Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 2Abstain 3Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 11Against 19Abstain 1Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 3Against 28Abstain 21Absent 1

Portugal21 MEPs

For 8Against 9Abstain 0Absent 4

Romania33 MEPs

For 11Against 14Abstain 4Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 5Against 10Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 2Against 7Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 27Against 27Abstain 2Absent 4

Sweden21 MEPs

For 10Against 11Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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