← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172728Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, ECR and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while Renew, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. PfE mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (439 for, 163 against, 72 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

439

Against

163

Abstain

Margin of victory

276 votes

Turnout (cast)

674

Absent

Participation rate

93.6%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 168Against 4Abstain 1Absent 12

S&D135 MEPs

For 121Against 7Abstain 2Absent 5

PfE81 MEPs

For 17Against 11Abstain 49Absent 4

Renew79 MEPs

For 12Against 61Abstain 0Absent 6

ECR82 MEPs

For 70Against 0Abstain 3Absent 9

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 40Against 5Abstain 5Absent 3

The Left45 MEPs

For 6Against 34Abstain 3Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 2Against 23Abstain 3Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 2Against 18Abstain 3Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany57
Spain51
Italy49
Poland48
Romania26

Most against

Slovakia14
Ireland9
Bulgaria8
Malta3

Divided delegations

Belgium
Bulgaria
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Luxembourg
Malta

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 8Against 8Abstain 4Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 6Against 8Abstain 0Absent 3

Croatia12 MEPs

For 11Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 4Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 7Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 1Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 5Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 13Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 15Against 27Abstain 35Absent 5

Germany96 MEPs

For 57Against 31Abstain 1Absent 7

Greece21 MEPs

For 10Against 7Abstain 2Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 19Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 5Against 9Abstain 0Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 49Against 8Abstain 11Absent 8

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 2Against 3Abstain 0Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 17Against 13Abstain 1Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 48Against 1Abstain 2Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 14Against 4Abstain 2Absent 1

Romania33 MEPs

For 26Against 3Abstain 0Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 1Against 14Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 7Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 51Against 3Abstain 3Absent 3

Sweden21 MEPs

For 17Against 2Abstain 2Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

Loading individual positions…