← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172735Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Significant national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+12 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, ECR, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (409 for, 208 against, 52 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

409

Against

208

Abstain

Margin of victory

201 votes

Turnout (cast)

669

Absent

Participation rate

92.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 140Against 13Abstain 19Absent 13

S&D135 MEPs

For 123Against 8Abstain 1Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 1Against 73Abstain 2Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 35Against 30Abstain 8Absent 9

Renew79 MEPs

For 64Against 3Abstain 5Absent 7

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 40Against 5Abstain 4Absent 4

The Left45 MEPs

For 6Against 27Abstain 9Absent 3

NI30 MEPs

For 0Against 27Abstain 1Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 0Against 18Abstain 3Absent 5

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany66
Poland44
Spain40
France35
Netherlands22

Most against

Italy40
Hungary18
Czech Republic12
Slovakia8
Cyprus4

Divided delegations

Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
France
Greece
Italy
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 7Against 5Abstain 6Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 10Against 7Abstain 2Absent 3

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 7Against 6Abstain 2Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 2Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 2Against 4Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 9Against 12Abstain 0Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 13Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 15Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 35Against 33Abstain 8Absent 6

Germany96 MEPs

For 66Against 22Abstain 0Absent 8

Greece21 MEPs

For 10Against 8Abstain 2Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 2Against 18Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 0Against 5Abstain 9Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 28Against 40Abstain 2Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 4Abstain 1Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 22Against 7Abstain 2Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 44Against 3Abstain 3Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 10Against 4Abstain 6Absent 1

Romania33 MEPs

For 22Against 4Abstain 2Absent 5

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 6Against 8Abstain 0Absent 1

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 4Against 2Abstain 2Absent 1

Spain60 MEPs

For 40Against 12Abstain 2Absent 6

Sweden21 MEPs

For 21Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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