← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172763Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, Renew, ECR and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (513 for, 122 against, 32 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

513

Against

122

Abstain

Margin of victory

391 votes

Turnout (cast)

667

Absent

Participation rate

92.6%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 169Against 0Abstain 1Absent 15

S&D135 MEPs

For 123Against 5Abstain 1Absent 6

PfE81 MEPs

For 34Against 38Abstain 3Absent 6

Renew79 MEPs

For 69Against 4Abstain 0Absent 6

ECR82 MEPs

For 69Against 3Abstain 0Absent 10

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 43Against 3Abstain 5Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 3Against 30Abstain 10Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 1Against 19Abstain 7Absent 3

ESN26 MEPs

For 1Against 18Abstain 4Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany64
Italy55
Spain47
Poland45
Netherlands28

Most against

France42
Malta3

Divided delegations

France
Ireland
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 16Against 4Abstain 0Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 2Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 11Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 4Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 17Against 4Abstain 0Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 13Against 1Abstain 1Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 15Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 33Against 42Abstain 0Absent 7

Germany96 MEPs

For 64Against 23Abstain 0Absent 9

Greece21 MEPs

For 11Against 4Abstain 4Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 19Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 9Against 5Abstain 0Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 55Against 1Abstain 12Absent 8

Latvia9 MEPs

For 7Against 1Abstain 1Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 1Against 3Abstain 1Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 28Against 2Abstain 0Absent 1

Poland53 MEPs

For 45Against 2Abstain 3Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 14Against 3Abstain 1Absent 3

Romania33 MEPs

For 28Against 0Abstain 1Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 6Against 5Abstain 3Absent 1

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 47Against 7Abstain 2Absent 4

Sweden21 MEPs

For 19Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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