← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172766Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Very fragmented political vote
✓Significant national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+7 / 10

Group division+15 / 15

Country division+12 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, ECR, Greens-EFA and ESN voted mostly in favour, while Renew voted mostly against. PfE, Left and NI mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (478 for, 102 against, 94 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

478

Against

102

Abstain

Margin of victory

376 votes

Turnout (cast)

674

Absent

Participation rate

93.6%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 168Against 5Abstain 0Absent 12

S&D135 MEPs

For 125Against 0Abstain 6Absent 4

PfE81 MEPs

For 34Against 6Abstain 37Absent 4

Renew79 MEPs

For 8Against 66Abstain 0Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 67Against 0Abstain 7Absent 8

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 44Against 1Abstain 2Absent 6

The Left45 MEPs

For 6Against 12Abstain 24Absent 3

NI30 MEPs

For 3Against 12Abstain 13Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 21Against 0Abstain 3Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany72
Italy59
Spain50
Poland47
Romania26

Most against

Slovakia10
Ireland6

Divided delegations

Belgium
France
Ireland
Netherlands

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 17Against 1Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 8Against 5Abstain 6Absent 3

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 1Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 11Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 5Against 0Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 19Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 9Against 4Abstain 2Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 5Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 12Against 3Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 15Against 17Abstain 42Absent 8

Germany96 MEPs

For 72Against 11Abstain 9Absent 4

Greece21 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 5Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 20Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 5Against 6Abstain 3Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 59Against 9Abstain 1Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 1Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 10Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 2Against 0Abstain 3Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 17Against 13Abstain 1Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 47Against 1Abstain 3Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 14Against 3Abstain 2Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 26Against 3Abstain 0Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 1Against 10Abstain 4Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 7Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 50Against 2Abstain 4Absent 4

Sweden21 MEPs

For 13Against 3Abstain 5Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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