← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172790Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+3 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, ECR, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (373 for, 279 against, 24 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

373

Against

279

Abstain

Margin of victory

94 votes

Turnout (cast)

676

Absent

Participation rate

93.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 135Against 36Abstain 2Absent 12

S&D135 MEPs

For 117Against 7Abstain 6Absent 5

PfE81 MEPs

For 1Against 75Abstain 0Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 0Against 73Abstain 2Absent 7

Renew79 MEPs

For 65Against 6Abstain 1Absent 7

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 51Against 0Abstain 0Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 3Against 29Abstain 11Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 1Against 27Abstain 1Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 0Against 22Abstain 1Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany68
Spain45
Italy32
Poland26
Romania22

Most against

France44
Hungary17
Greece16
Czech Republic14
Ireland11

Divided delegations

Bulgaria
France
Italy
Latvia
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 2Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 2Against 6Abstain 3Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 1Against 5Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 6Against 14Abstain 0Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 12Against 3Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 5Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 12Against 1Abstain 2Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 30Against 44Abstain 0Absent 8

Germany96 MEPs

For 68Against 22Abstain 1Absent 5

Greece21 MEPs

For 3Against 16Abstain 0Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 2Against 17Abstain 1Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 0Against 11Abstain 3Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 32Against 30Abstain 8Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 5Against 4Abstain 0Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 7Against 2Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 5Abstain 0Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 20Against 11Abstain 0Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 26Against 25Abstain 0Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 8Against 11Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 22Against 7Abstain 0Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 6Against 9Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 45Against 10Abstain 3Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 16Against 5Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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