← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172791Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+10 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, PfE, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. ECR mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (467 for, 114 against, 77 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

467

Against

114

Abstain

Margin of victory

353 votes

Turnout (cast)

658

Absent

Participation rate

91.4%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 153Against 10Abstain 4Absent 18

S&D135 MEPs

For 113Against 12Abstain 4Absent 6

PfE81 MEPs

For 54Against 20Abstain 0Absent 7

ECR82 MEPs

For 12Against 3Abstain 58Absent 9

Renew79 MEPs

For 65Against 5Abstain 0Absent 9

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 47Against 0Abstain 0Absent 6

The Left45 MEPs

For 16Against 24Abstain 1Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 3Against 19Abstain 7Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 1Against 20Abstain 3Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

France66
Germany66
Spain51
Italy32
Netherlands29

Most against

Czech Republic9
Ireland9
Slovakia9
Cyprus3
Malta3

Divided delegations

Bulgaria
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Greece
Portugal
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 12Against 5Abstain 0Absent 3

Belgium22 MEPs

For 18Against 1Abstain 0Absent 3

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 7Against 6Abstain 2Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 4Absent 2

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 2Against 3Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 7Against 9Abstain 5Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 14Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Estonia7 MEPs

For 5Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 14Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

France82 MEPs

For 66Against 5Abstain 0Absent 11

Germany96 MEPs

For 66Against 22Abstain 1Absent 7

Greece21 MEPs

For 10Against 6Abstain 2Absent 3

Hungary21 MEPs

For 18Against 1Abstain 0Absent 2

Ireland14 MEPs

For 1Against 9Abstain 4Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 32Against 15Abstain 22Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 5Against 0Abstain 3Absent 1

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 2Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 1Against 3Abstain 1Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 29Against 1Abstain 1Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 28Against 2Abstain 20Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 11Against 7Abstain 1Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 24Against 0Abstain 4Absent 5

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 5Against 9Abstain 0Absent 1

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 7Against 0Abstain 0Absent 2

Spain60 MEPs

For 51Against 4Abstain 3Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 16Against 5Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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