← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172810Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. PfE, Left and NI voted mostly in favour, while EPP, S&D, Renew, ECR and Greens-EFA voted mostly against. ESN mostly abstained. The motion was rejected by a comfortable margin (102 for, 528 against, 46 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

102

Against

528

Abstain

Margin of victory

426 votes

Turnout (cast)

676

Absent

Participation rate

93.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 0Against 173Abstain 0Absent 12

S&D135 MEPs

For 4Against 127Abstain 1Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 40Against 25Abstain 11Absent 5

Renew79 MEPs

For 1Against 73Abstain 0Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 0Against 73Abstain 1Absent 8

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 3Against 43Abstain 5Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 26Against 7Abstain 8Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 21Against 3Abstain 4Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 4Against 4Abstain 15Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

Slovakia8
Malta3

Most against

Germany68
Italy57
Spain51
Poland47
France39

Divided delegations

France
Greece
Malta
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 5Against 13Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 4Against 14Abstain 1Absent 3

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 0Against 12Abstain 3Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 0Against 11Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 1Against 4Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 4Against 9Abstain 8Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 1Against 14Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 0Against 6Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 0Against 15Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 31Against 39Abstain 7Absent 5

Germany96 MEPs

For 11Against 68Abstain 10Absent 7

Greece21 MEPs

For 8Against 11Abstain 1Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 0Against 19Abstain 1Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 4Against 9Abstain 1Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 10Against 57Abstain 2Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 1Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 0Against 9Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 1Against 4Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 0Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 1Against 25Abstain 5Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 2Against 47Abstain 1Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 3Against 16Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 0Against 28Abstain 1Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 8Against 7Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 0Against 9Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 4Against 51Abstain 3Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 0Against 21Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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