← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172815Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Significant national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+12 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, ECR, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. PfE mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (480 for, 130 against, 67 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

480

Against

130

Abstain

Margin of victory

350 votes

Turnout (cast)

677

Absent

Participation rate

94.0%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 172Against 1Abstain 1Absent 11

S&D135 MEPs

For 111Against 19Abstain 1Absent 4

PfE81 MEPs

For 5Against 26Abstain 45Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 66Against 2Abstain 7Absent 7

Renew79 MEPs

For 70Against 3Abstain 1Absent 5

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 45Against 6Abstain 0Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 8Against 31Abstain 2Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 2Against 21Abstain 5Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 0Against 18Abstain 5Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany68
Poland46
Spain44
Italy40
France34

Most against

Slovakia8
Malta3

Divided delegations

Greece
Italy
Netherlands
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 14Against 3Abstain 3Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 11Against 3Abstain 1Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 10Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 15Against 4Abstain 2Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 13Against 1Abstain 1Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 14Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 34Against 11Abstain 32Absent 5

Germany96 MEPs

For 68Against 22Abstain 0Absent 6

Greece21 MEPs

For 9Against 5Abstain 5Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 9Against 1Abstain 10Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 9Against 4Abstain 1Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 40Against 29Abstain 0Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 1Against 3Abstain 1Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 18Against 10Abstain 2Absent 1

Poland53 MEPs

For 46Against 0Abstain 5Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 16Against 3Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 28Against 0Abstain 1Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 44Against 14Abstain 0Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 21Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

Loading individual positions…