← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172831Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+10 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. ECR mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (363 for, 180 against, 126 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

363

Against

180

Abstain

126

Margin of victory

183 votes

Turnout (cast)

669

Absent

Participation rate

92.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 117Against 23Abstain 31Absent 14

S&D135 MEPs

For 124Against 5Abstain 2Absent 4

PfE81 MEPs

For 2Against 68Abstain 6Absent 5

Renew79 MEPs

For 69Against 3Abstain 1Absent 6

ECR82 MEPs

For 4Against 9Abstain 59Absent 10

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 43Against 3Abstain 4Absent 3

The Left45 MEPs

For 3Against 24Abstain 14Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 1Against 23Abstain 5Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 0Against 18Abstain 4Absent 4

Country angle

Most in favour

Poland25
Romania23
Netherlands20
Sweden19
Portugal15

Most against

Germany45
France35
Czech Republic12
Hungary10
Slovakia8

Divided delegations

Austria
Cyprus
France
Germany
Netherlands
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 9Against 5Abstain 3Absent 3

Belgium22 MEPs

For 12Against 5Abstain 2Absent 3

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 10Against 3Abstain 3Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 10Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 3Against 3Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 6Against 12Abstain 3Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 13Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Estonia7 MEPs

For 5Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 14Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

France82 MEPs

For 34Against 35Abstain 8Absent 5

Germany96 MEPs

For 42Against 45Abstain 1Absent 8

Greece21 MEPs

For 12Against 3Abstain 5Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 2Against 10Abstain 7Absent 2

Ireland14 MEPs

For 8Against 3Abstain 2Absent 1

Italy76 MEPs

For 27Against 11Abstain 31Absent 7

Latvia9 MEPs

For 5Against 1Abstain 3Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 2Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 3Abstain 2Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 20Against 11Abstain 0Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 25Against 4Abstain 20Absent 4

Portugal21 MEPs

For 15Against 4Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 23Against 1Abstain 5Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 22Against 10Abstain 25Absent 3

Sweden21 MEPs

For 19Against 0Abstain 2Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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