← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172840Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, Renew, ECR and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (400 for, 216 against, 58 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

400

Against

216

Abstain

Margin of victory

184 votes

Turnout (cast)

674

Absent

Participation rate

93.6%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 103Against 31Abstain 35Absent 16

S&D135 MEPs

For 121Against 4Abstain 7Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 1Against 75Abstain 0Absent 5

Renew79 MEPs

For 60Against 13Abstain 1Absent 5

ECR82 MEPs

For 63Against 7Abstain 4Absent 8

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 47Against 4Abstain 0Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 3Against 34Abstain 4Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 1Against 24Abstain 4Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 1Against 20Abstain 3Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

Italy50
Poland46
Spain28
Romania27
Netherlands15

Most against

Germany53
France45
Czech Republic12
Hungary11
Ireland9

Divided delegations

Cyprus
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Netherlands
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 10Against 5Abstain 2Absent 3

Belgium22 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 2Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 11Against 4Abstain 1Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 11Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 8Against 12Abstain 1Absent 0

Denmark15 MEPs

For 9Against 3Abstain 3Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 12Against 2Abstain 1Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 29Against 45Abstain 1Absent 7

Germany96 MEPs

For 37Against 53Abstain 0Absent 6

Greece21 MEPs

For 12Against 3Abstain 4Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 3Against 11Abstain 6Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 4Against 9Abstain 1Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 50Against 20Abstain 0Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 0Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 3Abstain 2Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 15Against 15Abstain 0Absent 1

Poland53 MEPs

For 46Against 1Abstain 3Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 15Against 4Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 27Against 0Abstain 2Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 28Against 9Abstain 20Absent 3

Sweden21 MEPs

For 14Against 0Abstain 7Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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