← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172846Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Significant national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+12 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. PfE, Greens-EFA, Left and NI voted mostly in favour, while EPP, S&D, ECR and Renew voted mostly against. ESN mostly abstained. The motion was rejected by a comfortable margin (190 for, 444 against, 44 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

190

Against

444

Abstain

Margin of victory

254 votes

Turnout (cast)

678

Absent

Participation rate

94.2%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 0Against 172Abstain 1Absent 12

S&D135 MEPs

For 18Against 109Abstain 5Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 53Against 7Abstain 17Absent 4

ECR82 MEPs

For 1Against 73Abstain 0Absent 8

Renew79 MEPs

For 4Against 69Abstain 0Absent 6

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 50Against 0Abstain 1Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 41Against 2Abstain 0Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 18Against 7Abstain 3Absent 2

ESN26 MEPs

For 3Against 4Abstain 17Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

France44
Italy38

Most against

Germany55
Poland48
Spain44
Romania27
Netherlands22

Divided delegations

Austria
Czech Republic
France
Greece
Italy
Luxembourg

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 7Against 11Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 6Against 13Abstain 1Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 1Against 11Abstain 4Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 1Against 9Abstain 0Absent 2

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 2Against 4Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 6Against 8Abstain 6Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 5Against 10Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 0Against 6Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 4Against 11Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 44Against 33Abstain 0Absent 5

Germany96 MEPs

For 26Against 55Abstain 10Absent 5

Greece21 MEPs

For 8Against 11Abstain 1Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 0Against 9Abstain 11Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 3Against 10Abstain 1Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 38Against 32Abstain 0Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 1Against 7Abstain 1Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 1Against 8Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 2Against 3Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 2Abstain 3Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 9Against 22Abstain 0Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 2Against 48Abstain 1Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 3Against 16Abstain 0Absent 2

Romania33 MEPs

For 1Against 27Abstain 0Absent 5

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 0Against 11Abstain 3Absent 1

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 1Against 7Abstain 1Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 14Against 44Abstain 0Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 5Against 16Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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