← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172858Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Medium importance

Why this vote stands out:

✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Strong political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+0 / 25

Close vote+3 / 15

Legislative+0 / 15

Rebel votes+7 / 10

Group division+12 / 15

Country division+10 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. S&D, PfE, Greens-EFA, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly in favour, while EPP and Renew voted mostly against. ECR mostly abstained. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (365 for, 234 against, 79 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a substantive vote (such as an amendment or resolution) that contributes to shaping the final position of the Parliament on a dossier. It reflects the political direction taken on specific provisions.

Result analysis

For

365

Against

234

Abstain

Margin of victory

131 votes

Turnout (cast)

678

Absent

Participation rate

94.2%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 7Against 161Abstain 6Absent 11

S&D135 MEPs

For 129Against 1Abstain 2Absent 3

PfE81 MEPs

For 76Against 1Abstain 0Absent 4

ECR82 MEPs

For 5Against 5Abstain 65Absent 7

Renew79 MEPs

For 12Against 61Abstain 0Absent 6

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 50Against 0Abstain 1Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 39Against 0Abstain 2Absent 4

NI30 MEPs

For 23Against 3Abstain 3Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 21Against 2Abstain 0Absent 3

Country angle

Most in favour

France58
Germany52
Italy40
Spain34
Netherlands17

Most against

Poland22
Belgium9
Bulgaria8
Finland8
Slovakia8

Divided delegations

Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Estonia
Finland
Germany
Greece

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 13Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 8Against 9Abstain 3Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 5Against 8Abstain 2Absent 2

Croatia12 MEPs

For 4Against 6Abstain 1Absent 1

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 1Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 12Against 5Abstain 3Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 10Against 4Abstain 1Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 2Against 3Abstain 1Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

France82 MEPs

For 58Against 17Abstain 0Absent 7

Germany96 MEPs

For 52Against 40Abstain 0Absent 4

Greece21 MEPs

For 8Against 8Abstain 3Absent 2

Hungary21 MEPs

For 13Against 7Abstain 0Absent 1

Ireland14 MEPs

For 14Against 0Abstain 0Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 40Against 8Abstain 22Absent 6

Latvia9 MEPs

For 3Against 3Abstain 3Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 3Against 6Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 3Against 2Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 5Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 17Against 13Abstain 1Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 7Against 22Abstain 21Absent 3

Portugal21 MEPs

For 12Against 2Abstain 6Absent 1

Romania33 MEPs

For 13Against 12Abstain 4Absent 4

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 2Against 7Abstain 0Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 34Against 21Abstain 3Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 10Against 8Abstain 3Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

Loading individual positions…