← Votes·2025-03-12

White paper on the future of European defence

Defence & Security87%★

Confidence: 87%

Assigned by: rule-based classifier

Evidence:

title/description contains "defence"
title/description contains "european defence"

Reviewed: yes

Methodology: topic-rules-v0.1

View all votes on Defence & Security →

Vote ID 172867Source: official EP roll-call records

Official roll-call results (EP minutes) ↗

/ 100

Importance Score

Key vote

Why this vote stands out:

✓Main vote
✓Legislative procedure
✓High-interest topic: Defence
✓Some political group division
✓Some national delegation divergence
✓High participation
✓Many MEPs voted against their group

Show full breakdown

Topic importance+15 / 15

Turnout+5 / 5

Vote type+25 / 25

Close vote+0 / 15

Legislative+15 / 15

Rebel votes+10 / 10

Group division+10 / 15

Country division+8 / 15

Methodology: importance-v0.1 · The Importance Score is a prioritisation indicator. It does not judge whether a vote is good or bad.

What was this vote about?

This vote concerned “White paper on the future of European defence”. EPP, S&D, ECR, Renew and Greens-EFA voted mostly in favour, while PfE, Left, NI and ESN voted mostly against. The motion was adopted by a comfortable margin (419 for, 204 against, 46 abstentions).

Automated summary generated from official vote metadata and observed voting patterns. Not a legal interpretation.

Why it matters

This is a main (final) vote on a dossier — the decisive moment where the European Parliament adopts or rejects a legislative or political text. These are the votes that most directly shape EU law and policy, and the ones citizens and journalists should watch most closely.

Result analysis

For

419

Against

204

Abstain

Margin of victory

215 votes

Turnout (cast)

669

Absent

Participation rate

92.9%

✓This was not a close vote — the margin was comfortable.

By political group

EPP185 MEPs

For 158Against 2Abstain 5Absent 20

S&D135 MEPs

For 112Against 4Abstain 13Absent 6

PfE81 MEPs

For 0Against 75Abstain 2Absent 4

ECR82 MEPs

For 39Against 25Abstain 11Absent 7

Renew79 MEPs

For 68Against 1Abstain 4Absent 6

Greens/EFA53 MEPs

For 40Against 8Abstain 3Absent 2

The Left45 MEPs

For 1Against 39Abstain 3Absent 2

NI30 MEPs

For 1Against 26Abstain 2Absent 1

ESN26 MEPs

For 0Against 21Abstain 3Absent 2

Country angle

Most in favour

Germany60
Spain44
Italy41
Poland26
Romania22

Most against

France43
Czech Republic11
Hungary11
Slovakia8
Malta3

Divided delegations

Czech Republic
France
Greece
Poland
Slovakia

Full breakdown by all countries

Austria20 MEPs

For 11Against 5Abstain 2Absent 2

Belgium22 MEPs

For 15Against 5Abstain 0Absent 2

Bulgaria17 MEPs

For 9Against 4Abstain 3Absent 1

Croatia12 MEPs

For 8Against 1Abstain 1Absent 2

Cyprus6 MEPs

For 4Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Czech Republic21 MEPs

For 9Against 11Abstain 0Absent 1

Denmark15 MEPs

For 13Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Estonia7 MEPs

For 6Against 0Abstain 0Absent 1

Finland15 MEPs

For 11Against 0Abstain 3Absent 1

France82 MEPs

For 29Against 43Abstain 4Absent 6

Germany96 MEPs

For 60Against 25Abstain 3Absent 8

Greece21 MEPs

For 10Against 7Abstain 3Absent 1

Hungary21 MEPs

For 2Against 11Abstain 0Absent 8

Ireland14 MEPs

For 8Against 4Abstain 2Absent 0

Italy76 MEPs

For 41Against 20Abstain 10Absent 5

Latvia9 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 1Absent 0

Lithuania11 MEPs

For 9Against 0Abstain 1Absent 1

Luxembourg6 MEPs

For 4Against 1Abstain 0Absent 1

Malta6 MEPs

For 0Against 3Abstain 2Absent 1

Netherlands31 MEPs

For 20Against 8Abstain 3Absent 0

Poland53 MEPs

For 26Against 23Abstain 2Absent 2

Portugal21 MEPs

For 16Against 4Abstain 0Absent 1

Romania33 MEPs

For 22Against 1Abstain 5Absent 5

Slovakia15 MEPs

For 7Against 8Abstain 0Absent 0

Slovenia9 MEPs

For 8Against 0Abstain 1Absent 0

Spain60 MEPs

For 44Against 14Abstain 0Absent 2

Sweden21 MEPs

For 19Against 2Abstain 0Absent 0

Individual MEP positions

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